Type 2 Diabetes
A chronic metabolic condition characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. Long-term complications include heart disease, strokes, diabetic retinopathy, and...
1. Description & Overview
A chronic metabolic condition characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. Long-term complications include heart disease, strokes, diabetic retinopathy, and kidney failure.
2. Symptoms
Increased thirst, frequent urination, increased hunger, fatigue, blurry vision, slow-healing sores, and frequent infections.
3. Causes & Risks
Primarily caused by genetics and lifestyle factors, including obesity, lack of physical activity, and poor diet.
4. Diagnosis Procedures
Diagnosed through blood tests: Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), HbA1c test (>= 6.5%), and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT).
5. Treatments & Management
Treatment involves lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise), oral medications (Metformin), and insulin therapy when required.
6. Lifestyle & Prevention
Lifestyle Tips
Follow a low-glycemic index diet, engage in 150 minutes of moderate exercise weekly, monitor blood sugar, and manage stress.
Prevention
Maintain a healthy weight, eat balanced meals rich in fiber, exercise regularly, and avoid smoking.
Clinical Doctor Advice
Always check your feet daily for small cuts or blisters. HbA1c levels should be checked every 3 to 6 months.